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Quality Assurance - Drug use in Food Animals
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By: ROBERT
SPENCER |
SMALL
FARMS SPECIALIST
ALABAMA A&M UNIVERSITY |
The prime
objective of farmers and ranchers is to raise a profitable,
marketable, and safe product. There are various medications
and vaccines available today that reduce lose from
disease and illness, but these products must be used
in a safe and responsible matter. When sending livestock
to market it is the individual’s responsibility
to ensure that the product is wholesome: free of illegal
drug residues, minimized risk of harmful organisms,
and minimized carcass blemishes. |
Drugs given
to goats IM (intramuscularly - in the muscle) should
never be given in the rear leg. This is the prime
cut of meat on a goat carcass and the damage is considerable
due to the smaller size of the carcass compared to
cattle. Intramuscular injections should be given in
the neck. Unless the animal is in poor condition there
is a lot of muscle tissue in this area. Give the injection
in the side of the neck, about half way down. When
possible give injectable medications SQ (sub-cutaneous
- under the skin), this is the preferred method of
giving vaccines and most antibiotics to goats. Follow
proper techniques when giving injections. Use one
draw off needle in the medication bottle to avoid
contaminating its contents. Also use a clean sterile
needle on each animal whenever possible. This prevents
transmission of disease from animal to animal and
prevents secondary bacterial infections (and abscesses)
at the injection site. |
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Avoid Carcass Blemishes
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Handle animals carefully - minimize bruising
Restrain animal when giving medication
Inject SQ (sub-cutaneous) instead of IM (intramuscular)
when possible
Use the smallest needle possible - 20 or 22g x 1/2"
for SQ and 18 or 20g x 1" for IM
Use one needle to draw medication from the bottle, use
different needles to inject animals. |
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Minimize the need to use medications on slaughter
animals by providing proper feeding, housing, and
management. Proper vaccination for your area and conditions
are also helpful. Use medications properly, follow
label directions, and record withdrawal times. Drug
residue is not only caused from injected drugs but
drugs that are ingested and certain topical treatments.
Work with your veterinarian when using off label products.
Differentiate between breeding and market animals;
make sure he is aware of what type of animal (breeding
or market) is being treated. There are several effective
drugs that are not approved for food animals. If you
have a valuable breeding animal that is not going
to enter the food chain (cure them or bury them) make
sure your veterinarian is aware of this. There are
only eight products approved by the FDA (US FARAD)
for use in goats.
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FDA Approved
drugs for goats |
• Fenbendazole
• Neomycin
• Thiabendazole
• Nitrofurazone
• Deccox
• Monensin
• Morantel tartrate
• Thiabendazole
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Types of Drugs
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- Drugs used for metabolic and nutrition
problems; also used to provide support therapy
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penicillin
naxcel
tetracyclines
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vitamins
minerals
probiotics
electrolytes
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- Preventative management compounds
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steroids - Dexamethazone
Banimine
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vaccines
betadine
Nolvason
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- Sedative and pain reduction
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- Parturition and reproductive management
drugs
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Aceapromizine
ketamine
Phynalbutazone
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oxytocin
estrogen
Estramate
prostaglandins
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- Anthelmintics & Anti-parasitic
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Ivomec
Panacur
Rumensin
Cylence
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